Biosolar from plant source, biogas potential for PNG rural.

Biofuels development trends continue to increase worldwide, algae is still increasing interest for biofuels linearly with climate change awareness. Alternative sources are sourced and its already dynamic market for producers worldwide.

One of the alternative is the biosolar. This is emerging technology that is replacing petroleum based cell components with bio-plastics made from renewable plant sources. According to Biosolar Inc based in Carlifornia, it was noted as saying due to the increasing use of solar cells and increasing demand of the photovoltic cells has made the way to investigate environmentally friendly material from plants. The aim is to reduce reliance on petroleum product while at the same time carbon dioxide locked away in earth crust is not released into the air causing global warming.BioSolar is leading the way in addressing both the cost and ecology problems, and the company is the first anywhere to introduce a new dimension of cost reduction by replacing petroleum-based plastic solar cell components with durable bio-based materials.Already, BioSolar’s first product offering has authenticated the company’s mission. The revolutionary BioBacksheet is a 100% bio-based material that forms
the bottom layer of most crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells – a layer traditionally comprised of petroleum-based plastics. Not only do BioSolar’s BioBacksheets decrease dependency on petroleum, but they also are expected to cost substantially less than petroleum-based traditional backsheets. This savings will reduce the final cost per watt of solar electricity by allowing cell manufacturers to lower the cost of their finished product.
Beyond BioBacksheets, the BioSolar’s development vision encompasses a complete line of bio-based products, which will include BioSolar Thin Film Substrate, BioSolar Superstrate, and BioSolar Plastics to be used for injection molding in various solar panel housing and packaging components.
With the market for solar power already in explosive growth mode, BioSolar is singularly positioned to lead the development of truly sustainable and cost-effective solar technology.
In short, when it comes to solar energy, BioSolar is changing the way “green” is done.

Planting more trees, maintaining greenery is the policy of the office of sustainable climate in POM,PNG. This office has alot of real responsibilities if the office is not profit oriented. one of the potential promotion is rural biogas production and processing for ruarl use. Trees cannot be continued to cut down neither shrubs which is not healthy for climate change.
Rural family biogas is widely harness and used in China, infact mre than 80% use biogas for all energy requirement and many found it sustainable , feasible and economically very important.

My current research in biogas indicated very interesting results and high yields in which i also formulated biofertilizer. For instance, if a local PNG rural farmer wishes to look after 1000 chickens would account for 60 kg of chicken feces is enough to produce 3 gallons of fuel in ten days and 35 kg of fertilizer. That should give the farmer 5-7 days free energy and give him/her 10 fold greens and vegetables for market or consumption. Directly the farmer can sell his /her chicken meat at lower price giving rural dwellers balance high protein meals at lower price. The good news is that government will not tax the biogas.

Below is a story on biogas and its widening popularity as it appears(http://www.panda.org/wwf_news/features/?95320/Biogas-saving-nature-naturally-in-Nepal)

“One day I woke up and told my husband that I wasn’t going to risk my life by collecting wood from the forest any more and that we were going to get a biogas stove, even if we had to take a loan,” recalls Jari Maya Tamang, 41, as she stands proudly next to the first biogas system in her village in Badreni, Nepal.

Since Jari Maya took out a micro-credit loan to install the energy-efficient stove, others have quickly followed. Today, 80 per cent of the 82 households in the village — about a four-hour drive south-west from the capital, Kathmandu — have similar systems in their homes.

Sitting on the edge of Nepal’s Chitwan National Park — home to some of the largest surviving populations of Bengal tigers and greater one-horned rhinos — Badreni has earned the distinction of being the first biogas village in Nepal’s Terai Arc Landscape.

Located in the shadow of the Himalayas, the Terai Arc covers 5 million hectares from Nepal’s Bagmati River in the east to India's Yamuna River in the west.

A role model for alternative energy
As part of WWF Nepal's Terai Arc Landscape Programme, some 7,500 biogas plants are to be installed in villages like Badreni over the next three years.

“With more than 9.3 million head of cattle and over 6.7 million people, there is a future for biogas in the Terai Arc, but this technology is still out of reach for the majority of people who cannot afford it without micro-finance schemes that WWF funds through grassroots forest users groups,” says Basu Dhungana, Chairman of the Mirgakunj Buffer Zone User Committee in Chitwan.

“Badreni is our model. The people understand there is a direct link between our actions and impacts on the environment.”

With a dense population, high biodiversity and fragile ecosystems, deforestation is a major issue facing the Terai Arc. Unsustainable fuelwood extraction affects both community and government-managed forests.

Sixty-one per cent of all households in the Terai Arc Landscape in Nepal currently rely on fuelwood for cooking, and 49 per cent source their wood from nearby government-managed forests. A family uses an average of between 1.3–2.5kg wood everyday. Evidence suggests that this is not sustainable.

Reliable and efficient
More and more people are turning to biogas in Nepal, especially as the technology is relatively simple, reliable, accessible and risk free.

“The advantages of a toilet-attached biogas plant are numerous,” says Jari Maya. “The village’s reliance on forest fuelwood has decreased dramatically, and health and sanitation conditions have improved.”

Cooking with firewood causes chronic respiratory diseases, especially as there are no chimneys in traditional rural houses in Nepal. Installing a biogas system in the house often improves the health of the familly, especially that of women and children, who spend a lot of time in the kitchen.

Not only has research shown that an average-sized biogas plant can save 4.5 metric tonnes of firewood annually, but woman like Jari Maya don’t have to go as often to the forest to collect wood where they are vulnerable to wildlife attacks.

Biogas and climate change
Biogas also has a direct positive impact on climate change, helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. According to WWF, a single biogas plant reduces carbon emissions by 4.7 tonnes per year.

Alternate energy promotion is an important priority for WWF’s work in Nepal’s Terai Arc Landscape. In 2006, WWF Nepal partnered with the Alternative Energy Promotion Centre and Biogas Sector Partnership–Nepal, signing a tripartite working arrangement to install the 7,500 biogas plants.

“We are actively promoting biogas installation through microfinance schemes in 13 sites in the Terai Arc, particularly for the poorer, more marginalized communities,” said WWF Nepal Country Representative Anil Manandhar.

“There is a great potential for biogas villages like Badreni to be replicated throughout Nepal.”

While in German;
• Lünen to use cow and horse manure for sustainable power• Biogas network could provide 30-40% of town's needsA German town will become the first in the world to be powered by animal waste when it launches a biogas network this year.Lünen, north of Dortmund, will use cow and horse manure as well as other organic material from local farms to provide cheap and sustainable electricity for its 90,000 residents.Biogas is already used around the world – it will power buses in Oslo from September – but Lünen claims to be the only town to build a dedicated biogas network.Material such as animal slurry and spoiled crops from local farms will be fed into heated tanks, where natural fermentation will break it down into methane and carbon dioxide – the same basic ingredients as natural gas. This biogas can then be burned to generate electricity and heat in a combined heat and power plant (CHP) before the heat is distributed across the town through a new biogas pipeline, which is being built underground.The plant can produce 6.8MW, enough to power and heat 26,000 houses. According to Peter Kindt, director of Alfagy Ltd, which distributes CHP plants, the Lünen network could provide 30-40% of the town's heat and electricity needs.The benefits of biogas are clear, say its developers. "This sustainable technology allows local production of local power, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and fuel imports," said Kindt.The CHP plants are camouflaged as decorative installations featuring wood and plants.Kindt admits that because of the smell, anyone near the CHP plant in Lünen will know it's there. But he insists that residents will not find their living rooms scented with slurry every time they turn the heating on